Polyamines putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm) are ubiquitous, small aliphatic polycations found in eukaryotic organisms, which regulate vital developmental and physiological events. They play an important role in diverse plant growth and developmental processes and adaptation to environmental stresses. Among other functions, spermidine stimulates the process of autophagy across species including yeast, animals, and even humans.
The aim of this work was to determine the concentration of selected carotenoids (neoxanthin, violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin and ß-carotene) and phenolic acids in selected scab resistant and powdery mildew tolerant apple varieties originating from the Station of apple breeding of the IEB. We investigated three different apple varieties - Luna (yellow), Red Topaz (red) and Karneval (streaked) for their antioxidant contents in peel and flesh immediately after the harvest and after 7 months of storage.
The objective of the study was to follow morphological, selected biochemical and transcriptional characteristics induced by various air humidity during desiccation of Norway spruce somatic embryos. The level of free polyamines lowered, higher forms of polyamines were favoured. Expression profiles of monitored genes were variously influenced by different relative air humidity. Our data proved, that desiccation of somatic embryos is metabolically active process highly affected by relative air humidity.
Apples are considered as one of the most important fruit crop with excellent health benefits and extensive
area of cultivation. Majority of their benefits is associated with a relatively high content of antioxidants
including phenolic compounds that belong to the health-promoting phytochemicals.
Phenolic compounds constitute a substantial and an important group of phenylpropanoids produced by
plants as secondary metabolites. The health-promoting effects of phenolic compounds depend on their
